Overview
Fleas are small, wingless insects that can cause a variety of problems for children. They are most commonly known for causing itching and skin irritation, but they can also transmit diseases and cause anemia in severe cases. Fleas are prevalent in warm and humid climates, but can also be found in cooler areas, especially during the summer months. They are commonly found on pets, but can also be found on humans.
Symptoms
The most common symptom of flea infestation in children is itching and skin irritation. This can be caused by the flea’s saliva, which contains anticoagulants that prevent blood from clotting. The itching can be severe and can lead to scratching, which can further irritate the skin and cause infection. In severe cases, flea bites can cause anemia, especially in young children. Anemia is a condition in which there is a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, which can cause fatigue, weakness, and pallor.
Causes
Fleas are commonly found on pets, such as dogs and cats. They can also be found on other animals, such as rats and squirrels. Fleas can jump from one host to another, so children can become infested with fleas if they come into contact with an infested pet or animal. Fleas can also be found in outdoor areas, such as parks and playgrounds, where children are likely to play.
Treatment
Treatment for flea infestation in children involves the use of insecticides and antiparasitics. These can be applied topically or orally. Topical treatments include creams, lotions, and sprays that can be applied to the skin. Oral treatments include pills and capsules that are taken by mouth. It is important to follow the instructions on the product label and to consult with a healthcare professional before using any medication.
Prevention
The best way to prevent flea infestation in children is to keep pets and outdoor areas clean. This means regularly grooming and bathing pets and keeping outdoor areas free of debris and tall grass. Parents should also check children for fleas, especially if they spend a lot of time outdoors or have been in contact with an infested pet or animal.
Citations
- National Pest Management Association. (2021). Fleas. Retrieved from https://www.pestworld.org/pest-guide/fleas/
- University of California Integrated Pest Management Program. (2021). Fleas. Retrieved from https://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7413.html
