Overview
Salmonella is a type of bacteria that can cause food poisoning in children and adults. The bacteria is found in the intestinal tract of animals, including chickens, cows, and pigs, and can be transmitted to humans through contaminated food or water. Children are particularly susceptible to salmonella infection, as their immune systems are not yet fully developed.
Symptoms
Symptoms of salmonella infection in children typically appear within 12 to 72 hours after exposure to the bacteria. The most common symptoms include:
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Fever
- Abdominal cramps
- Headache
- Nausea
Symptoms usually last for 4 to 7 days and most children recover without any complications. In some cases, however, the infection can spread to the bloodstream and cause more serious complications, such as sepsis.
Causes
Salmonella infection is caused by the bacteria Salmonella enterica. The bacteria can be found in a variety of sources, including:
- Contaminated food (such as undercooked chicken, eggs, and meat)
- Contaminated water
- Contact with animals (such as pet turtles, lizards, and birds)
Children are also at risk of salmonella infection if they come into contact with someone who is already infected.
Treatment
Treatment for salmonella infection in children typically involves managing symptoms, such as diarrhea and vomiting, and allowing the body to fight off the infection. In most cases, children will recover on their own without any treatment. In some cases, however, antibiotics may be prescribed to help clear the infection.
Prevention
To prevent salmonella infection in children, it is important to:
- Cook meat and poultry thoroughly
- Wash fruits and vegetables before eating
- Wash hands thoroughly, especially after handling raw meat or after contact with animals
- Avoid raw or undercooked eggs
- Avoid contact with animals that may carry the bacteria
Citations:
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Salmonella. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/index.html
